British Raj:
Before the independence of Pakistan
and the partition of India in 1947, Maharaja Hari Singh extended his rule to
Gilgit and Baltistan. After the partition of Pakistan and India,
Gilgit-Baltistan established in 1st Nov 1948 as an independent state, and after
governing establishing her own government, Gilgit-Baltistan aligned with
Pakistan as an independent state
End of the princely state:
A pro Pakistan rebellion, organized by
a mutinied Major Brown of the Gilgit Scouts overthrew Ghansara Singh, the
Governor administering the region on behalf of the British, on November 1, 1947
and temporarily installed state of their own. Raja Shah Rais Khan became the
President while Mirza Hassan Khan the Commander-in-Chief of the Gilgit scouts.
The region had run its own government for 16 days but later, on the call of
local residents unconditionally acceded to the newly established state of
Pakistan.
Part of Pakistan
1947 to 1970 Government of Pakistan
established Gilgit Agency and Baltistan Agency. In 1970 Northern areas council
established by Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto and Gilgit Baltistan was directly
administrated by federal government and it was called FANA(Federal
administrated northern areas). In 1963, Pakistan ceded a part of Hunza-Gilgit
called Raskam and the Shaksgam Valley of Baltistan region to the China pending
settlement of the dispute over Kashmir. This ceded area is also known as the
Trans-Karakoram Tract. The Pakistani parts of Kashmir to the north and west of
the cease-fire line established at the end of the Indo-Pakistani War of 1947,
or the Line of Control as it later came to be called, were divided into the
Northern Areas (72,971 km²) in the north and the Pakistani state of Azad
Kashmir (13,297 km²) in the south. The name "Northern Areas" was
first used by the United Nations to refer to the northern areas of
Kashmir.[citation needed]
Gilgit Baltistan, which was most
recently known as the Northern Areas, presently consists of seven districts,
has a population approaching one million, has an area of approximately 28,000
square miles (73,000 km2), and shares borders with China, Afghanistan, and
India.
The local Northern Light Infantry is
the army unit that participated in the 1999 Kargil conflict. More than 500
soldiers were believed to have been killed and buried in the Northern Areas in
that action.[5] Lalak Jan, a soldier from Yasin Valley, was awarded Pakistan's
most prestigious medal, the Nishan-e-Haider, for his courageous actions during
the Kargil conflict.
Self-governing status and present-day Gilgit Baltistan:
On 29 August 2009, the Gilgit
Baltistan Empowerment and Self-Governance Order, 2009, was passed by the
Pakistani cabinet and later signed by the President of Pakistan. The order
granted self-rule to the people of the former Northern Areas, now renamed Gilgit
Baltistan, by creating, among other things, an elected legislative assembly.
There has been criticism and opposition to this move in Pakistan, India, and
Gilgit Baltistan.
Gilgit Baltistan United Movement while
rejecting the new package demanded that an independent and autonomous
legislative assembly for Gilgit Baltistan should be formed with the
installation of local authoritative government as per the UNCIP resolutions,
where the people of Gilgit Baltistan will elect their president and the prime
minister.
In early September 2009, Pakistan
signed an agreement with the People's Republic of China for a mega energy
project in Gilgit–Baltistan which includes the construction of a 7,000-megawatt
dam at Bunji in the Astore District.[9] This also resulted in protest from
India, although Indian concerns were immediately rejected by Pakistan, which
claimed that the Government of India has no locus standi in the matter,
effectively ignoring the validity of the princely state's Instrument of
Accession on October 26, 1947.
On 29 September 2009, the Pakistani
Prime Minister, while addressing a huge gathering in Gilgit–Baltistan,
announced a multi-billion rupee development package aimed at the socio-economic
uplifting of people in the area. Development projects will include the areas of
education, health, agriculture, tourism and the basic needs of life.
.JPG)
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